The Rules of Poker
Poker is a game of chance. However, when you introduce the concept
of betting, poker gains quite a bit of skill and psychology.
(This isn't to say that there isn't skill at poker when nothing is
at risk, there just isn't nearly as much). This is meant as
a very basic primer into the rules of poker, for more information,
get a book on the game (or start playing with a group of people who
know how. It's more expensive than reading a book, but the group
won't mind. *Snicker*).
This list is currently broken into several parts:
- The Very Basics
- How the Hands are Ranked
- Descriptions of Hand Ranks
- Betting
- An Example 5-Card Draw Hand
The Very Basics
Poker is played from a standard pack of 52 cards. (Some variant games
use multiple packs or add a few cards called jokers.) The cards are
ranked (from high to low) Ace, King, Queen, Jack, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5,
4, 3, 2, Ace. (Ace can be high or low, but is usually high). There
are four suits (spades, hearts, diamonds and clubs); however, no suit
is higher than another. All poker hands contain five cards, the highest
hand wins.
Some games have Wild Cards, which can take on whatever
suit and rank their possessor desires. Sometimes jokers will be
used as wild cards, other times, the game will specify which cards
are wild (dueces, one-eyed jacks, or whatever).
How the hands are ranked
Hands are ranked as follows (from high to low):
Descriptions of Hand Ranks
A five of a kind (which is only possible when using wild cards)
is the highest possible hand. If more than one hand has five of a kind,
the higher card wins (Five Aces beats five kings, which beat five queens,
and so on).
A straight flush is the best natural hand. A straight flush is
a straight (5 cards in order, such as 5-6-7-8-9) that are all of the
same suit. As in a regular straight, you can have an ace either high
(A-K-Q-J-T) or low (5-4-3-2-1). However, a straight may not 'wraparound'.
(Such as K-A-2-3-4, which is not a straight). An Ace high straight-flush
is called a Royal Flush and is the highest natural hand.
Four of a kind is simply four cards of the same rank. If there
are two or more hands that qualify, the hand with the higher-rank four of a
kind wins. If, in some bizarre game with many wild cards, there are two
four of a kinds with the same rank, then the one with the high card outside
the four of the kind wins. General Rule: When hands tie on the rank
of a pair, three of a kind, etc, the cards outside break ties following
the High Card rules.
A full house is a three of a kind and a pair, such as K-K-K-5-5.
Ties are broken first by the three of a kind, then pair. So K-K-K-2-2
beats Q-Q-Q-A-A, which beats Q-Q-Q-J-J. (Obviously, the three of a kind
can only be similiar if wild cards are used.)
A flush is a hand where all of the cards are the same suit, such as
J-8-5-3-2, all of spades. When flushes ties, follow the rules for
High Card.
A straight is 5 cards in order, such as 4-5-6-7-8.
An ace may either be high
(A-K-Q-J-T) or low (5-4-3-2-1). However, a straight may not 'wraparound'.
(Such as Q-K-A-2-3, which is not a straight). When straights tie,
the highest straight wins. (AKQJT beats KQJT9 down to 5432A). If
two straights have the same value (AKQJT vs AKQJT) they split the pot.
Three cards of any rank, matched with two cards that are not a pair (otherwise
it would be a Full House . Again, highest three of
a kind wins. If both are the same rank, then the compare
High Cards.
This is two distinct pairs of card and a 5th card. The highest pair wins
ties. If both hands have the same high pair, the second pair wins. If
both hands have the same pairs, the high card wins.
One pair with three distinct cards. High card breaks ties.
This is any hand which doesn't qualify as any one of the above hands.
If nobody has a pair or better, then the highest card wins. If multiple
people tie for the highest card, they look at the second highest, then
the third highest etc. High card is also used to break ties when
the high hands both have the same type of hand (pair, flush, straight,
etc).
Betting
So, how do you bet?
Poker is, after all, a gambling game. In most games, you
must 'ante' something (amount varies by game, our games are
typically a nickel), just to get dealt cards. After that
players bet into the pot in the middle. At the end of the
hand, the highest hand (that hasn't folded) wins the pot.
Basically, when betting
gets around to you (betting is typically done in clockwise order),
you have one of three choices:
- Call
- When you call, you bet enough to match what has been
bet since the last time you bet (for instance, if you bet a
dime last time, and someone else bet a quarter, you would owe
fifteen cents).
- Raise
- When you raise, you first bet enough to match what has
been bet since the last time you bet (as in calling), then
you 'raise' the bet another amount (up to you, but there
is typically a limit.) Continuing the above example, if
you had bet a dime, the other person raised you fifteen
cents (up to a quarter), you might raise a quarter (up
to fifty cents). Since you owed the pot 15 cents for
calling and 25 for your raise, you would put 40 cents
into the pot.
- Fold
- When you fold, you drop out of the current hand (losing
any possibility of winning the pot), but you don't have to
put any money into the pot.
Betting continues until everyone calls or folds after a raise
or initial bet.
Some Standard Betting Rules
In the group I play in, we ante a nickel. The maximum first
bet is fifty cents, and the maximum raise is fifty cents. However,
during one round of betting, raises may total no more than one dollar.
An Example Five Card Draw Hand.
Five card draw is one of the most common types of poker hands. Each
player is dealt five cards, then a round of betting follows. Then
each player may discard up to 3 cards (4 if your last card is an ace
or wild card, in some circles) and get back (from the deck) as many
cards as he/she discarded. Then there is another round of betting,
and then hands are revealed (the showdown) and the highest hand wins
the pot. So you are the dealer at a five card draw game (against four
other players, Alex, Brad, Charley and Dennis (seated in that order
to your left). Everyone puts a nickel into the pot (Ante) and you
deal out 5 cards to each player.
You deal yourself a fairly good hand Ks-Kd-Jd-5c-3d. A pair of kings
isn't bad off the deal (not great, but not bad). Then the betting
starts...
- Alex 'Checks' (checking is basically calling when you don't owe
anything to the pot).
- Brad bets a dime.
- Charley calls (and puts a dime into the pot).
- Dennis raises a dime (and puts twenty cents into the pot).
- Well, it's your turn. Twenty cents to you. You can fold, call
or raise. Like I said before, pair of kings isn't bad, not good but
not bad. You call and put twenty cents into the pot.
- Back to Alex, who grumbles and tosses his cards into the center
of the table, folding. (Note, when folding, never show your cards
to anyone).
- Brad calls. The total bet is twenty cents, but he had already
bet a dime, so he owes a dime, which he tosses into the pot.
- Charley is in the same position as brad, and tosses a dime into the
pot.
The round of betting is over. After Dennis's raise, everyone else folded
or called (there weren't any raises) so, everyone is all square with the
pot. Now everyone can discard up to 3 cards. Brad discards 3 cards,
Charley discards one card, Dennis discards two cards. (You deal replacements
to everyone) and now it's your turn. You have a pair of kings, three
spades, and no chance for a straight. It's best to just keep the two kings
and hope to get a 3rd or fourth king. You discard three cards, and your
new hand is: Ks-Kd-Kc-4c-8h. Three Kings! A nice little hand.
What do you suppose the others were trying for? Well, Brad kept two cards,
so he probably had a pair (just like you) but it probably wasn't aces, so
even if brad got a three of a kind, you probably beat him. Charley
kept four cards, so he was probably trying for a straight or flush.
(If Charley had four of a kind, he might have bet much harder). The
big problem is Dennis. He raised earlier, and only drew two cards.
He might be bluffing, but he could have had three of a kind off the deal...
In any case, the second round of betting starts (with dealers left).
- Brad bets a nickel.
- Charley folds (I guess he didn't get his straight or flush).
- Dennis raises twenty cents (to a quarter total).
- You call.
- Brad looks at his cards, then calls (betting twenty cents).
- Again, everyone called Dennis's raise, so the round of betting
is over.
Well, the betting is over, everyone reveals his hand:
- You had Ks-Kd-Kc-4c-8h.
- Brad had Jh-Jd-3c-3s-Ah.
- Dennis had Qh-Qs-Qd-As-7s.
Well, the highest hand is three of a kind, and the highest three of
a kind is your three kings. You win!
Conclusion
After this and an hour of play, you'll be right at home playing poker.
(Maybe not very good, but right at home). If you ever get bored with
basic 5 card draw, look at our List of Poker Variants.