Huber 512 Four Circle Diffractometer and Rotating Anode Source

These four pictures show the Rigaku rotating anode x-ray source and the Huber 512 four circle diffractometer.  The source uses a copper target to generate 1.54A wavelength radiation. A wide variety of sample cells can be mounted on the 512.  We currently use a Displex cryostat, a variety of simple vacuum cells, as well as a hydration chamber. On the right side of the picture is a monochromator housing which uses either vertically bent graphite or a germanium crystal to collimate and monochromate the beam.  X-rays then travel through an evacuated flight path to reach the sample position at the center of the large c-circle, seen here face-on.  The vertical photomultiplier tube monitors the strength of fluorescent radiation from a thin mylar sheet in the beam in order to provide normalization of scattered intensities. The detector arm on the left holds either a scintillator/photomultiplier tube, a Braun position sensitive detector, an Amptek energy-dispersive detector, or a Molecular Dynamics phosphor imager two dimensional detector.