Carnegie Mellon University Libraries

History:

Women's History:

Primary Sources

Below are some primary sources that can be found at Hunt Library, Carnegie Mellon; Hillman Library, the University of Pittsburgh; the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh; and on the Web. Repositories of other primary sources can be found using the resources at History: Databases and Indexes: Archival Resources. If you need help finding primary sources, ask at the Hunt Library reference desk.

• Audio Resources
• Books
• Collections, Papers, and Diaries
• Government Documents
• Internet Guides
• Newspapers, Magazines and Journals

Primary Sources:

Audio Materials

See also the resources in History: Audio Resources: General.

• Gifts of Speech: Women's Speeches From Around the World (Sweet Briar College)

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Primary Sources:

Books

• Hearth: Home Economics Archive: Research, Tradition and History (Mann Library, Cornell University)
  Search or browse books and journals in Home Economics and related disciplines, between 1850 and 1950.

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Primary Sources:

Collections, Papers, and Diaries

• American Women's Diaries (Western women) New Canaan, CT: Readex Film Products, [1991]. Microfilm.
  UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, HILLMAN LIBRARY-MICROFORMS (2ND FLOOR) HQ 7
  Collection of 550 published and unpublished works by and about women in the Western U.S. during the 18th and 19th centuries. Items in the collection include diaries, autobiographies, biographies, personal histories, and transcriptions of oral interviews.

• British and Irish Women's Letters and Diaries (Carnegie Mellon users only)
  Search and display the full text of 100,000 pages of diaries and letters from over 500 women. Part of Social and Culural History: Letters and Diaries Online.

• Defining Gender: 1450-1910 (Carnegie Mellon uses only)
  Search and display such primary sources as images, ephemera, pamphlets, college records and exam papers, books, diaries, periodicals, letters, ledgers, account books, education practice and pedagogy, government papers, illustrated writings on anatomy, midwifery, art and fashion, manuscripts, poetry, novels, ballads, drama, receipt books, travel writing, conduct, and advice literature. Five major themes are covered: Conduct and Politness, Domesticity and Family, Consumption and Leisure, Education and Sensibility, and the Body.

• Documents from the Women's Liberation Movement: An On-line Archival Collection (The Digital Scriptorium, Special Collections Library, Duke University)
  Search or browse documents dealing with reproductive rights, sexuality, work roles, etc. from the late 1960's to the early 1970's.

• Emma Goldman Papers (Berkeley Digial Library)
  Selected documents and photographs relating to Emma Goldman's life and work as well as indexes to thousands of other documents and photographs available in collections around the world.

• The Emma Goldman Papers, [ca. 1900-ca. 1940]: A Microfilm Edition. Edited by Candace Falk, Ronald J. Zboray, Alice Hall, eds. Alexandria, Va.: Chadwyck-Healey, c1990- . Microfilm.
  UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, HILLMAN LIBRARY-MICROFORMS (2ND FLOOR) HX 21

• Fuller, Margaret. The Letters of Margaret Fuller. 6 vols. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1983-1994.
  OFFSITE By Request

• Heaven Will Protect the Working Girl: Immigrant Women in the Turn-of-the-Century City. (American Social History Project)
  The fictional story of two immigrant teenagers working in New York City's garment district. Includes primary text documents, oral histories, photographs, illustrations, timeline, historiographic essays, and links to related web sites.

• History of Science, Health, and Women. Edited by Alice D. Dreger. Woodbridge, CT: Primary Source Microfilm, [2000]. Microfilm.
  HUNT MFILM-3
  Collection of 19th and early 20th century books, pamphlets, lectures, reports and periodicals (e. g. Birth Control Review, 1917-1940, the Malthusian, 1879-1921) dealing with women's education and participation in science, mathematics, medicine, midwifery, home health care and personal health. The publications included also cover medical issues specific to women such as menstruation, pregnancy, birth, nursing, etc., as well as social movements affecting women such as dress reform, temperance, social hygiene, industrialization, etc. The guide has an author/title list, subject index, and reel contents.

• History of Women. New Haven, Conn.: Research Publications, 1975-1979. Microfilm.
  UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, HILLMAN LIBRARY-MICROFORMS (2ND FLOOR) HQ 1121
  Selected materials on women before 1920 from the Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America, Sophia Smith Collection, Jane Addams Memorial Collection, the Galatea Collection, Miriam Y. Holden Collection, Ida Rust Macpherson Collection and others. Materials microfilmed include printed books, pamphlets, photographs, manuscripts, and periodicals. Titles of the individual works, with subject headings, are in Pittcat, so relevant titles will be retrieved in a subject or keyword search. By searching on History of Women as a series title, you can retrieve all the titles in the collection.

• Holmes, Kenneth L., editor. Covered Wagon Women; Diaries & Letters From The Western Trails, 1840-1890. 8 vols. Glendale, Calif.: Arthur H. Clark Co., 1983-1989.
  HUNT STACKS-2 F591 .C79 1983

Manuscript Women's Letters and Diaries from the American Antiquarian Society (Carnegie Mellon users only)
The personal writings of women of the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries, displayed as high-quality images of the original manuscripts, Semantically Indexed and online for the first time. The collection is drawn entirely from the extensive holdings of the American Antiquarian Society.
• The Margaret Sanger Papers Project (Department of History, New York University)
  Selected papers and documents, links to other sites.

• North American Women's Letters and Diaries (Carnegie Mellon users only)
  Search and display over 150,000 pages of diaries and letters. Part of Social and Cultural History: Letters and Diaries Online.

• The Papers of Eleanor Roosevelt, 1933-1945. Edited by Anne Firor Scott and William H. Chafe. Frederick, MD: University Publications of America, c1986. Microfilm.
  UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, HILLMAN LIBRARY-MICROFORMS (2ND FLOOR) E 77

• The Papers of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony. Edited by Patricia G. Holland and Ann D. Gordon. Wilmington, Del.: Scholarly Resources, c1991. Microfilm.
  HUNT MFILM-3 305.4 S79P

• Papers of the League of Women Voters, 1918-1974. Edited by Susan Ware. Frederick, MD: University Publications of America, 1985. Microfilm.
  UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, HILLMAN LIBRARY-MICROFORMS (2ND FLOOR) JK 10

• Patterns of History, 1835-1899: Authentic Nineteen-Century Patterns Based on the Garments from the State Historical Society of Wisconsin's Costume Collection (State Historical Society of Wisconsin)
  Pictures, patterns and notes on historical fashions.

• Perdita Manuscripts (Carnegie Mellon users only)
  ca. 16^th-17^th Centuries
  Search and display manuscripts written or compiled by women in the British Isles during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Culled from archives and libraries across the United Kingdom and the USA, they range in materials from account books, diaries, autobiographies, notebooks, medical writings, travel writing, speeches, etc.

• Records of the Women's City Club of New York, 1916-1980. Edited by Elizabeth Israel Perry. Frederick, MD: University Publications of America, c1989. Microfilm.
  UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, HILLMAN LIBRARY-MICROFORMS (2ND FLOOR) HQ 1126

• Robin Flies Again: Letters Written by Women of Goucher College, Class of 1903 (Goucher College)
  "Members of the class of 1903 wrote a 'Round Robin' letter to each other for almost fifty years. The letters reproduced here were written between the years of 1919 and 1938. They document suffrage, war, the depression, family life and more."

• Rose Pastor Stokes Papers. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Photographic Service, 1982. Microfilm.
  UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, HILLMAN LIBRARY-MICROFORMS (2ND FLOOR) HX 3

• Social and Cultural History: Letters and Diaries Online (Carnegie Mellon users only)
  This full text database brings together, on a single cross-searchable platform, the entire family of letter and diary databases from Alexander Street Press:
  North American Women's Letters and Diaries
  British and Irish Women's Letters and Diaries
  North American Immigrant Letters, Diaries, and Oral Histories
  The American Civil War: Letters and Diaries
  Black Thought and Culture: African Americans from Colonial Times to the Present

• Southern Women and Their Families in the 19th Century, Papers and Diaries. Series A, Holdings of the Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Edited by Anne Firor Scott. Bethesda, MD: University Publications of America, c1991. Microfilm.
  UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, HILLMAN LIBRARY-MICROFORMS (2ND FLOOR) HQ 1129

• St. Clair, William and Irmgard Maasen, eds. Conduct Literature for Women, 1500 to 1640. 6 vols. Brookfield, VT: Pickering & Chatto, 2000.
  HUNT STACKS-2 BJ1609 .C66 2000

• Travel Writing, Spectacle and World History (Carnegie Mellon users only)
  Early 19th century to the late 20th century
  Search and display travel accounts by women. Sources cover a variety of topics including; architecture; art; the British Empire; climate; customs; exploration; family life; housing; industry; language; monuments; mountains; natural history; politics and diplomacy; race; religion; science; shopping; war. A wide variety of forms of travel writing are included, ranging from unique manuscripts, diaries and correspondence to drawings, guidebooks and photographs. The resource includes a slideshow with hundreds of items of visual material, including postcards, sketches and photographs.

• Victorian Women Writers Project (Indiana University)
  Works by British women writers of the 19th century.

• "Votes for Women:" Selections from the National Woman Sufferage Collection, 1848-1921 (American Memory, Library of Congress)
  167 books, pamphlets and other artifacts documenting the suffrage campaign.

• Women and Social Movements in the United States, 1600-2000 (Scholar's Edition) (Carnegie Mellon users only)
  Search or browse 76 document projects that interpret and present documents, most of which are not otherwise available online, more than 30,000 pages of documents, a dictionary of social movements and organizations, a chronology of U.S. Women's History, teaching tools with lesson ideas, and quarterly news from the archives about U. S. women's history. 5,000 pages of documents will be added annually.

• Women in the Weather Bureau During World War II (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)
  Documenting the experiences of women in the Weather Bureau during World War II.

• Women Working, 1870-1930 (Harvard University Library Open Collections Program)
  A site in development that will eventually offer access to 2,000 digitized books and pamphlets, manuscripts (10,000 pages) and images (1,000) from the Harvard collections. Those working on this project are interested in your feedback. There is a question/comment link on the site.

• The Women's Movement in Cuba, 1898-1958: The Stoner Collection on Cuban Feminism. Tempe, Arizona: Arizona State University Libraries, 1990. Microfilm.
  UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, HILLMAN LIBRARY-MICROFORMS (2ND FLOOR) HQ 1127

• Women's Travel Writing, 1830-1930: A Women's Studies Digitization Project Initiative (University of Minnesota)
  Texts by women travel writers, 1830-1930.

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Primary Sources:

Government Documents

Documents produced by the United States government can be a great source of information. Below are just a few examples of the types of government documents that are relevant to women's history. To find more, use the databases and indexes listed at Databases and Indexes: Government Documents. Another helpful resource is:

Huls, Mary Ellen. United States Government Documents on Women, 1800-1990: A Comprehensive Bibliography. vols. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1993.
HUNT BSMT Z7964 .U49 H85

If you need help locating government documents, ask for assistance at the Hunt Library reference desk.

• United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. Discrimination Against Women: Hearings Before the Special Subcommittee on Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. 91st Congress, 2nd Session. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1970.
  HUNT REF-1 GOV'T DOCS Y4.Ed 8/1:W84/3/pts. 1-2.

• United States. Congress. Senate. Report on Condition of Women and Child Wage Earners in the United States. 61st Congress, 2nd Session. 19 vols. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1910-1912. S. Doc. 645.
  HUNT REF-1 GOV'T DOCS 61st SD645

• United States. Women's Bureau. Bulletin. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1919 - ca. 1980s
  HUNT REF-1 GOV'T DOCS L13.3:
  CARNEGIE LIBRARY OF PITTSBURGH, SOCIAL SCIENCES CLOSED STACKS, r331.4 U2532b
  UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH HILLMAN LIBRARY - MICROFORMS, 2ND FLOOR
  Established in the Department of Labor in 1920, the Women's Bureau published these popular guides describing employment opportunities for women in various occupations and professions, responsibilities of women workers, and other women's issues, such as employment of older women, civil and political status, etc. Titles in bold are available in the government documents section in Hunt Reference, with all titles available at the other locations listed above. Links to the full text are provided by Harvard University Library Open Collections Program's Women Working, 1870-1930, in particular, the Women's Bureau.
  • 1. Proposed Employment of Women During the War in the Industries of Niagra Falls, N. Y.
  • 2. Labor Laws for Women in Industry in Indiana.
  • 3. Standards for the Employment of Women in Industry.
  • 4. Wages of Candy Makers in Philadelphia in 1919.
  • 5. The Eight-Hour Day in Federal and State Legislation.
  • 6. The Employment of Women in Hazardous Industries.
  • 7. Night-Work Laws in the United States.
  • 8. Women in the Government Service.
  • 9. Home Work in Bridgeport, Conn.
  • 10. Hours and Conditions of Work for Women in Industry in Virginia.
  • 11. Women Street Car Conductors and Ticket Agents.
  • 12. The New Position of Women in American Industry.
  • 13. Industrial Opportunities and Training for Women and Girls.
  • 14. A Physiological Basis for the Shorter Working Day for Women.
  • 15. Some Effects of Legislation Limiting Hours of Work for Women.
  • 16. State Laws Affecting Working Women, Supplement: Changes Since 1921 in State Laws Affecting Women's Hours and Wages.
  • 17. Women’s Wages in Kansas.
  • 18. Health Problems of Women in Industry.
  • 19. Iowa Women in Industry.
  • 20. Negro Women in Industry.
  • 21. Women in Rhode Island Industries.
  • 22. Women in Georgia Industries.
  • 23. The Family Status of Breadwinning Women.
  • 24. Women in Maryland Industries.
  • 25. Women in the Candy Industry in Chicago and St. Louis.
  • 26. Women in Arkansas Industries.
  • 27. The Occupational Progress of Women.
  • 28. Women’s Contributions in the Field of Invention.
  • 29. Women in Kentucky Industries.
  • 30. The Share of Wage-Earning Women in Family Support.
  • 31. What Industry Means to Women Workers.
  • 32. Women in South Carolina Industries.
  • 33. Proceedings of The Women’s Industrial Conference.
  • 34. Women in Alabama Industries.
  • 35. Women in Missouri Industries.
  • 36. Radio Talks on Women in Industry.
  • 37. Women in New Jersy Industries.
  • 38. Married Women in Industry.
  • 39. Domestic Workers and Their Employment Relations.
  • 40. State laws Affecting Working Women: Hours, Minimum Wage, Home Work.
  • 41. Family Status of Breadwinning Women in Four Selected Cities.
  • 42. List of References on Minimum Wage for Women in The United States and Canada.
  • 43. Standard and Scheduled Hours of Work for Women in Industry.
  • 44. Women in Ohio Industries.
  • 45. Home Environment and Employment Opportunities of Women in Coal-Mine Workers’ Families.
  • 46. Facts about Working Women-A Graphic Presentation Based on Census Statistics.
  • 47. Women in the Fruit-Growing and Canning Industries in the State of Washington.
  • 48. Women in Oklahoma Industries.
  • 49. Women Workers and Family Support.
  • 50. Effects of Applied Research upon the Employment Opportunities of American Women.
  • 51. Women in Illinois Industries.
  • 52. Lost Time and Labor Turnover in Cotton Mills.
  • 53. The Status of Women in The Government Service in 1925.
  • 54. Changing Jobs.
  • 55. Women in Mississippi Industries.
  • 56. Women in Tennessee Industries.
  • 57. Women Workers and Industrial Poisons.
  • 58. Women in Delaware Industries.
  • 59. Short Talks about Working Women.
  • 60. Industrial Accidents to Women in New Jersy, Ohio, and Wisconsin.
  • 61. The Development of Minimum Wage Laws in the United States, 1912 to 1927.
  • 62. Women’s Employment in Vegetable Canneries in Delaware.
  • 63. State Laws affecting Working Women; Hours, Minimum Wage, Home Work.
  • 64. The Employment of Women at Night.
  • 65. The Effects of Labor Legislation on the Employment Opportunities of Women.
  • 66-I. History of Labor Legislation for Women in Three States.
  • 66-II. Chronological Development of Labor Legislation for Women in the United States.
  • 67. Women Workers in Flint, Mich.
  • 68. Summary: The Effects of Labor Legislation on the Employment Opportunities of Women (Reprint of Chapter II of Bulletin 65).
  • 69. Causes of Absence for Men and Women in Four Cotton Mills.
  • 70. Negro Women in Industry in 15 States.
  • 71. Selected References on The Health of Women in Industry.
  • 72. Conditions of Work in the Spin Rooms.
  • 73. Variations in Employment Trends of Women and Men.
  • 74. The Immigrant Woman and Her Job.
  • 75. What the Wage-Earning Woman Contributes to Family Support.
  • 76. Women in 5-and-10-Cent Stores and Limited-Price Chain Department Stores.
  • 77. A Study of Two Groups of Denver Married Women Applying for Jobs.
  • 78. A Survey of Laundries and Their Women Workers in 23 Cities.
  • 79. Industrial Home Work.
  • 80. Women in Florida Industries.
  • 81. Industrial Accidents to Men and Women.
  • 82. The Employment of Women in the Pineapple Canneries of Hawaii.
  • 83. Fluctuation of Employment in the Radio Industry.
  • 84. Fact Finding with the Women’s Bureau.
  • 85. Wages of Women in 13 States.
  • 86. Activities of the Women’s Bureau of the United States.
  • 87. Sanitary Drinking Facilities, with Special Reference to Drinking Fountains.
  • 88. The Employment of Women in Slaughtering and Meat Packing.
  • 89. The Industrial Experience of Women Workers at the Summer Schools, 1928 to 1930.
  • 90. Oregon Legislation for Women in Industry.
  • 91. Women in Industry. A Series of Papers to Aid Study Groups.
  • 92. Wage Earning Women and the Industrial Conditions of 1930-A Survey of South Bend.
  • 93. Household Employment in Philadelphia.
  • 94. State Requirements for Industrial Lighting. A Handbook for the Protection of Women Workers, Showing Lighting Standards and Practices.
  • 95. Bookkeepers, Stenographers, and Office Clerks in Ohio, 1914 to 1929.
  • 96. Women Office Workers in Philadelphia.
  • 97. The Employment of Women in The Sewing Trades of Connecticut-Preliminary Report.
  • 98. Labor Laws for Women in the States and Territories. Revision of Bulletin 63.
  • 99. The Installation and Maintenance of Toilet Facilities in Places of Employment.
  • 100. The Effects on Women of Changing Conditions in the Cigar and Cigarette Industries.
  • 101. The Employment of Women in Vitreous Enameling.
  • 102. Industrial Injuries to Women in 1928 and 1929 Compared with Injuries to Men.
  • 103. Women Workers in the Third Year of the Depression.
  • 104. The Occupational Progress of Women, 1910 to 1930.
  • 105. A Study of a Change from 8 to 6 hours of Work.
  • 106. Household Employment in Chicago.
  • 107. Technological Changes in Relation to Women’s Employment.
  • 108. The Effects of the Depression on Wage Earners’ Families: A Second Survey of South Bend.
  • 109. The Employment of Women in the Sewing Trades of Connecticut: Hours and Earnings Employment Fluctuation Home Work.
  • 110. The Change from Manual to Dial Operation in the Telephone Industry.
  • 111. Hours, Earnings, and Employment in Cotton Mills.
  • 112. Standards of Placement Agencies for Household Employees.
  • 113. Employment Fluctuations and Unemployment of Women: Certain Indications from Various Sources, 1928-31.
  • 114. State Reporting of Occupational Disease, Including a Survey of Legislation Applying to Women.
  • 115. Women at Work: A Century of Industrial Change.
  • 116. A Study Of a Change from one Shift of 9 Hours to Two Shifts of 6 Hours Each.
  • 117. Age Factor as it Relates to Women in Business and the Professions.
  • 118. The Employment of Women in Puerto Rico.
  • 119. Hours an Earnings in the Leather-Glove Industry.
  • 120. Employment of Women in Offices.
  • 121. A Survey of the Shoe Industry in New Hampshire.
  • 122. Variations in Wage Rates under Corresponding Conditions.
  • 123. Employment in Hotels and Restaurants.
  • 124. Women in Arkansas Industries.
  • 125. Employment Conditions in Department Stores in 1932-33: A Study in Selected Cities of Five States.
  • 126. Women in Texas Industries: Hours, Wages, Working Conditions, and Home Work.
  • 127. Hours and Earnings in Tobacco Stemmeries.
  • 128. Potential Earning Power of Southern Mountaineer Handicraft.
  • 129. Industrial Injuries to Women in 1930 and 1931 Compared with Injuries to Men.
  • 130. Employed Women Under N.R.A. Codes.
  • 131. Industrial Home Work in Rhode Island, with Special Reference to the Lace Industry.
  • 132. Women Who Work in Offices.
  • 133. Employment Conditions in Beauty Shops: A Study of Four Cities.
  • 134. Summaries of Studies on the Economic Status of Women.
  • 135. Commercialization of the Home Through Industrial Home Work.
  • 136. Health and Safety of Women in Industry.
  • 137. Summary of State Hour Laws for Women and Minimum-Wage Rates.
  • 138. Reading List of References on Household Employment.
  • 139. Women Unemployed Seeking Relief.
  • 140. Reemployment of New England Women in Private Industry.
  • 141. Piecework in the Silk-Dress Industry: Earnings, Hours and Production.
  • 142. Economic Problems of the Women of the Virgin Islands of the United States.
  • 143. Factors Affecting Wages in Power Laundries.
  • 144. State Labor Laws for Women (Revision of Bulletin 98).
  • 145. Special Study of Wages Paid to Women and Minors in Ohio. Industries Prior and Subsequent to the Ohio Minimum Wage Law for Women and Minors.
  • 146. A Policy Insuring Value to the Woman Buyer and a Livelihood to Apparel Makers.
  • 147. Summary of State Reports of Occupational Diseases with a Survey of Preventive Legislation, 1932 to 1934.
  • 148. The Employed Woman Homemaker in the United States; Her Responsibility for Family Support.
  • 149. Employment of Women in Tennessee Industries.
  • 150. Women's Employment in West Virginia.
  • 151. Injuries to Women in Personal Service Occupations in Ohio.
  • 152. Differences in the Earnings of Women and Men.
  • 153. Women’s Hours and Wages in The District of Columbia in 1937.
  • 154. Reading List of References on Household Employment (October, 1937).
  • 155. Women in the Economy of the United States.
  • 156. State Labor Laws for Women.
  • 157-A. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; United States Summary; Cumulative supplement, 1938-1945. January 1, 1948.
  • 157 (revised) The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; United States Summary; as of January 1, 1953.
  • 157-1 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Alabama as of January 1, 1959.
  • 157-2 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Arizona as of January 1, 1958.
  • 157-3. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Arkansas as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-4 (revised) The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for California as of July 1, 1963.
  • 157-5 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Colorado as of January 1, 1959.
  • 157-6 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Connecticut as of January 1, 1962.
  • 157-7. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Deleware as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-8 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for District of Columbia as of January 1, 1962.
  • 157-9 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Florida as of January 1, 1965.
  • 157-10 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Georgia as of April 15, 1963.
  • 157-11 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Idaho as of March 1, 1965.
  • 157-12. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Illinois as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-13. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Indiana as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-14. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Iowa as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-15 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Kansas as of January 1, 1958.
  • 157-16 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Kentucky as of January 1, 1959.
  • 157-17 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Louisiana as of January 1, 1956.
  • 157-18 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Maine as of January 1, 1958.
  • 157-19 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Maryland as of July 1, 1966.
  • 157-20 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Massachusetts as of April 1, 1966.
  • 157-21 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Michigan as of December 1, 1963.
  • 157-22 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Minnesota as of June 1, 1964.
  • 157-23 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Mississippi as of January 1, 1960.
  • 157-24 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Missouri as of January 1, 1957.
  • 157-25. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Montana as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-26 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Nebraska as of May 1, 1964.
  • 157-27 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Nevada as of December 1, 1964.
  • 157-28. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for New Hampshire as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-29. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for New Jersey as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-30 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for New Mexico as of October 1, 1962.
  • 157-31. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for New York State as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-32 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for North Carolina as of January 1, 1957.
  • 157-33. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for North Dakota as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-34 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Ohio as of May 1, 1963.
  • 157-35. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Oklahoma as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-36 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Oregon as of January 1, 1957.
  • 157-37 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Pennsylvania as of January 1, 1965.
  • 157-38. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Rhode Island as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-39. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for South Carolina as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-40 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for South Dakota as of January 1, 1957.
  • 157-41. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Tennessee as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-42 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Texas as of January 1, 1964.
  • 157-43. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Utah as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-44. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Vermont as of January 1, 1938.
  • 157-45 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Virginia as of January 1, 1957.
  • 157-46 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Washington as of December 1, 1963.
  • 157-47 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for West Virginia as of June 1, 1962.
  • 157-48 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Wisconsin as of January 1, 1957.
  • 157-49. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Wyoming as of January 1, 1939.
  • 157-50. The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Reports and Summary for the Territories and Possessions [of] Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Canal Zone [and] Virgin Islands, as of Jan. 1, 1948.
  • 157-51 (revised). The Legal Status of Women in the United States of America; Report for Alaska as of January 1, 1958.
  • 158. Unattached Women on Relief in Chicago, 1937.
  • 159. Trends in the Employment of Women, 1928-36.
  • 160. Industrial Injuries to Women and Men, 1932 to 1934.
  • 161. Women at Work.
  • 162. Women in Kentucky Industries, 1937.
  • 163-1. Hours and Earnings in Certain Men’s Wear Industries: Work Clothing, Work Shirts, Dress Shirts.
  • 163-2. Hours and Earnings in Certain Men's Wear Industries: Knit Underwear; Woven Cotton Underwear.
  • 163-3. Hours and Earnings in Certain Men's Wear Industries: Seamless Hosiery.
  • 163-4. Hours and Earnings in Certain Men's Wear Industries: Welt Shoes.
  • 163-5. Hours and Earnings in Certain Men's Wear Industries: Raincoats; Sports Jackets.
  • 163-6. Hours and Earnings in Certain Men's Wear Industries: Caps and Cloth Hats; Neckwear; Work and Knit Gloves; Handkerchiefs.
  • 164. Women in Industry: A Series of Papers to Aid Study Groups.
  • 165. The Negro Woman Worker.
  • 166. The Effect of Minimum-Wage Determinations in Service Industries; Adjustments in the Dry-Cleaning and Power-Laundry Industries.
  • 167. State Minimum-Wage Laws and Orders: An Analysis.
  • 167-1.State Minimum-Wage Laws and Orders: 1939, Supplement
  • 167-2. State Minimum-Wage Laws and Orders, 1940, Second Supplement
  • 168. Employed Women and Family Support.
  • 169. Conditions in the Millinery Industry in the United States.
  • 170. Economic Status of University Women.
  • 171. Wages and Hours in Drugs and Medicines and in Certain Toilet Preparations.
  • 172. The Woman Wage Earner: Her Situation Today.
  • 173. Standards for Employment of Women in Industry.
  • 174. Job Histories of Women Workers at the Summer Schools, 1931-34 and 1938.
  • 175. Earnings in the Women’s and Children’s Apparel Industry in the Spring of 1939.
  • 176. Application of Labor Legislation to the Fruit and Vegetable Canning and Preserving Industries ...
  • 177. Earnings and Hours in Hawaii, Woman-Employing Industries.
  • 178. Women’s Wages and Hours in Nebraska.
  • 179. Primer Problems in the Millenery Industry.
  • 180. Employment Inservice and Trade Industries in Maine.
  • 181. The Nonworking Time of Industrial Women Workers.
  • 182. Employment of Women in the Federal Government, 1923 to 1929.
  • 183. Women Workers in Their Family Environment.
  • 184. The Occurrence and Prevention of Occupational Diseases Among Women, 1935 to 1938.
  • 185. The Migratory Labor Problem in Delaware.
  • 186. Earnings and Hours in Pacific Coast Fish Canneries.
  • 187. Labor Standards and Competitive Market Conditions in the Canned Goods Industry.
  • 188. Office Work in 5 Cities: 1. Houston 2. Los Angeles 3. Kansas City 4. Richmond 5. Philadelphia
  • 189-1. Women's Factory Employment in an Expanding Aircraft Production Program.
  • 189-2. Employment of Women in the Manufacture of Small-Arms Ammunition.
  • 189-3. Employment of Women in the Manufacture of Artillery Ammunition.
  • 189-4. The Employment of and Demand for Women Workers in the Manufacture of Instruments: Aircraft, Optical and Fire-Control, and Surgical and Dental.
  • 190. Recreation and Housing for Women War Workers: A Handbook on Standards.
  • 191. State Minimum Wage Laws and Order, 1942: An Analysis.
  • 192-1 Women's Employment in Aircraft Assembly Plants in 1942
  • 192-2. Women's Employment in Artillery Ammunition Plants, 1942
  • 192-3. Employment of Women in the Manufacture of Cannon and Small Arms in 1942.
  • 192-4. Employment of Women in the Machine-Tool Industry, 1942.
  • 192-5. Women's Employment in the Making of Steel, 1943.
  • 192-6. Employing Women in Shipyards.
  • 192-7. Women's Employment in Founderies, 1943.
  • 192-8. Employment of Women in Army Supply Depots in 1943.
  • 192-9. Women's Wartime Jobs in Cane-Sugar Refineries.
  • 193. Women's Work in the War. Women Stand Ready to Fill War Jobs; Control of Industrial Home Work in War Time; Standards for Lighting War- production Plants; War Emergency Acts Affecting Women in Manufacturing.
  • 194. Your Questions as to Women in War Industries: Types of Jobs. Replacement of Men by Women. Employment and Unemployment. Attitudes of Employers. Operation of Labor Laws. Wages of Men and Women. Training. British Experience.
  • 195. Women Workers in Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay.
  • 196. “Equal Pay” for Women in War Industries.
  • 197. Women Workers in Some Expanding Wartime Industries-New Jersey, 1942.
  • 198. Employment and Housing Problems of Migratory Workers in New York and New Jersey Canning Industries.
  • 199. Successful Practices in The Employment of Nonfarm Women on Farms in the Northeastern States.
  • 200. British Policies and Methods in Employing Women in Wartime.
  • 201. Employment Opportunites in Characteristic Industrial Occupations of Women.
  • 202. State Labor Laws for Women, with Wartime Modifications, Dec. 15, 1944. Part I. Analysis of Hour Laws. Part II. Analysis of Plant Facilities Laws. Part III. Analysis of Regulatory Laws, Prohibitory Laws, Maternity Laws. Part IV. Analysis of Industrial Home-Work Laws.
  • 203-1. The Outlook for Women in Occupations in The Medical and Other Health Services: Physical Therapists.
  • 203-2.The Outlook for Women in Occupations in The Medical and Other Health Services: Occupational Therapists.
  • 203-3. The Outlook for Women in Occupations in The Medical and Other Health Services: Professional Nurses.
  • 203-4. The Outlook for Women in Occupations in The Medical and Other Health Services: Medical Laboratory Technicians.
  • 203-5. The Outlook for Women in Occupations in The Medical and Other Health Services: Practical Nurses and Hospital Attendants.
  • 203-6.The Outlook for Women in Occupations in The Medical and Other Health Services: Medical Record Librarians.
  • 203-7. The Outlook for Women in Occupations in The Medical and Other Health Services: Women Physicians.
  • 203-8. The Outlook for Women in Occupations in The Medical and Other Health Services: X-Ray Technicians.
  • 203-9. The Outlook for Women in Occupations in The Medical and Other Health Services: Women Dentists.
  • 203-10. The Outlook for Women in Occupations in The Medical and Other Health Services: Dental Hygienists..
  • 203-11. The Outlook for Women in Occupations in The Medical and Other Health Services: Physicians’ and Dentists’ Assistants.
  • 203-12. The Outlook for Women in Occupations in The Medical and Other Health Services: Trends and Their Effect upon the Demand for Women Workers.
  • 204. Women’s Emergency Farm Service on the Pacific Coast in 1943.
  • 205. Negro Women War Workers.
  • 206. Women Workers in Brazil.
  • 207. The Woman Telephone Worker.
  • 207-A. Typical Women’s Jobs in the Telephone Industry.
  • 208. Women’s Wartime Hours of Work-The Effect on Their Factory Performance and Home Life.
  • 209. Women Workers in Ten War Production Areas and Their Postwar Employment Plans (Springfield-Holyoke, Baltimore, Dayton-Springfield, Detroit-Willow Run, Kenosha, Wichita, Mobile, Seattle-Tacoma, San Francisco-Oakland, and Erie County, N. Y.).
  • 210. Women Workers in Paraguay.
  • 211. Employment of Women in the Early Postwar Period, with Background of Prewar and War Data.
  • 212. Industrial Injuries to Women.
  • 213. Women Workers in Peru.
  • 214. Maternity Benefits Under Union-Contract Health Insurance Plans.
  • 215. Women Workers in Power Laundries.
  • 216. Women Workers After VJ-Day in One Community-Bridgeport, Conn.
  • 217. International Documents on the Status of Women.
  • 218. Women’s Occupations Through Seven Decades.
  • 219. Earnings of Women in Selected Manufacturing Industries.
  • 220. Old Age Insurance for Household Workers.
  • 221. Community Household Employment Programs.
  • 222. Women in Radio.
  • 223-1. Outlook for Women in Science.
  • 223-2. The Outlook for Women in Chemistry.
  • 223-3. The Outlook for Women in The Biological Sciences.
  • 223-4. The Outlook for Women in Mathematics and Statistics.
  • 223-5. The Outlook for Women in Architecture and Engineering.
  • 223-6. The Outlook for Women in Physics and Astronomy.
  • 223-7. The Outlook for Women in Geology, Geography and Meteorology.
  • 223-8. The Outlook for Women in Occupations Related to Science.
  • 224. Women’s Bureau Conference: The American Woman, Her Changing Role-Worker, Homemaker, Citizen.
  • 225. Handbook of Facts on Women Workers.
  • 226. Working Women's Budgets in Twelve States: Cost-of-Living Reports Prepared Chiefly for the Use of Minimum-Wage Administrations.
  • 227. State Minimum-Wage Laws and Orders, July 1, 1942-July 1, 1950.
  • 228. The Industrial Nurse and the Woman Worker.
  • 229. Occupations for Girls and Women: Selected References.
  • 230-I. Women in the Federal Service: Part I Trends in Employment.
  • 230-II. Women in the Federal Servie: Part II Occupational Information.
  • 231. The Outlook for Women in Police Work.
  • 232. Women’s Jobs: Advance and Growth.
  • 233. Night Work for Women in Hotels and Restaurants.
  • 234-1. The Outlook for Women in Dietetics.
  • 234-2. The Outlook for Women as Food-Service Managers and Supervisors.
  • 235-1. The Outlook for Women in Social Case Work in a Medical Setting.
  • 235-2. The Outlook for Women in Social Case Work in a Psychiatric Setting.
  • 235-3. The Outlook for Women in Social Case Work with Children.
  • 235-4. The Outlook for Women in Social Case Work with Families.
  • 235-5. The Outlook for Women in Community Organization in Social Work.
  • 235-6. The Outlook for Women in Social Work Administration, Teaching and Research.
  • 235-7. The Outlook for Women in Social Group Work.
  • 235-8. The Outlook for Women in Social Work: General Summary.
  • 236. Women in Higher-Level Positions.
  • 237. Handbook of Facts on Women Workers.
  • 238. Part Time Jobs for Women.
  • 239. Women Workers and Their Dependents.
  • 240. Maternity Protection of Employed Women.
  • 241. Employment of Women in an Emergency Period.
  • 242. 1952 Handbook of Facts on Women Workers.
  • 243. Report of the National Conference on Equal Pay.
  • 244. Womanpower Committees During World War II.
  • 245. A Short-term Training Program in an Aircraft Engine Plant.
  • 246. Employed Mothers and Child Care.
  • 247. State Minimum-Wage Laws and Orders. July 1, 1942-March 1, 1953.
  • 247-Supp. State Minimum Wage Laws and Orders: Supplement to Bulletin 247.
  • 247-Supp. 2. State Minimum Wage Laws and Orders: Supplement 2 to Bulletin 247.
  • 248. Older Women as Office Workers. Training Programs in Four Cities; Facts on "Older" Women in Relation to Office Work.
  • 249. Status of Women in the United States, 1953.
  • 250. State Hour Laws for Women.
  • 251. Progress Toward Equal Pay in the Meat-packing Industry.
  • 252. Toward Better Working Conditions for Women. Methods and Policies of the National Women’s Trade Union League.
  • 253. Changes in Women’s Occupations.
  • 254. Professional Engineering: Employment Opportunities for Women.
  • 255. 1954 Handbook on Women Workers.
  • 256. Training Mature Women for Employment.
  • 257. The Effective Use of Womanpower.
  • 258. Employment Opportunities for Women in Professional Accounting.
  • 259. State Minimum-Wage Order Provisions Affecting Working Conditions: July, 1942 to June 1, 1955.
  • 260. Employment Opportunities for Women in Beauty Service.
  • 261. 1956 Handbook on Women Workers.
  • 262. Employment Opportunities for Women Mathematicians and Statisticians.
  • 263. Employment Opportunities for Women as Secretaries, Stenographers, Typists, and as Office-Machine Operators and Cashiers.
  • 264. College Women Go to Work: Report on Women Graduates, Class of 1956.
  • 265. Employment Opportunities for Women in Legal Work.
  • 266. 1958 Handbook on Women Workers.
  • 267-I. State Minimum-Wage Laws and Orders: Part I. Historical Development and Statutory Provisions.
  • 267-II. State Minimum-Wage Laws and Orders: Part II. Analysis of Rates and Coverage.
  • 268. First Jobs of College Women.
  • 269. State Minimum-Wage Law and Order Provisions Affecting Working Conditions: July 1, 1942 to April 1, 1959.
  • 270. Careers for Women in the Physical Sciences.
  • 271. Careers for Women in Retailing.
  • 272. Maternity Benefit Provisions for Employed Women.
  • 273. Part-Time Employment for Women...
  • 274. Training Opportunities for Women and Girls.
  • 275. 1960 Handbok on Women Workers.
  • 276. Todays Woman in Tomorrow’s World.
  • 277. State Hour Laws for Women.
  • 278. Careers for Women in the Biological Sciences.
  • 279. Careers for Women as Life Underwriters, Life Insurance Selling.
  • 280. State Minimum-Wage Law and Order Provisions Affecting Working Conditions, July 1, 1942 to January 1, 1961 (Revision Of Bulletin 269).
  • 281. Day Care Services-Form and Substance.
  • 282. Careers for Women as Technicians.
  • 283. 15 Years After College: A Study of Alumnae of the Class Of 1945.
  • 284. Women Workers In 1960: Geographical Differences.
  • 285. 1962 Handbook on Women Workers.
  • 286. Women Telephone Workers and Changing Technology.
  • 287. Negro Women Workers in 1960.
  • 288. Job Horizons for College Women.
  • 289. Clerical Occupations for Women-Today and Tomorrow.
  • 290. 1965 Handbook on Women Workers.
  • 291. Analysis of Coverage and Wage Rates of State Minimum Wage Laws and Orders.
  • 292. College Women Seven Years After Graduation.
  • 293. Fringe Benefit Provisions From State Minimum Wage Laws and Orders, Sept. 1, 1966.
  • 294. 1969 Handbook on Women Workers.
  • 295. Child Care Services Provided by Hospitals.
  • 296. Day Care Services: Industry’s Involvement.
  • 297. 1975 Handbook on Women Workers.
  • 298. Time of Change: 1983 Handbook on Women Workers.

• United States. Women's Bureau. Records of the Women's Bureau of the U. S. Department of Labor, 1918-1965. Edited by Judith Sealander and Dale Grinder. Frederick, Md: University Publications of America, 1986. Microfilm.
  UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, HILLMAN LIBRARY-MICROFORMS (2ND FLOOR) HD 33.

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Primary Sources

Internet Guides

• American Women's History: A Research Guide: Digital Collections of Primary Sources (Ken Middleton, Middle Tennessee State University Library)

• Internet Women's History Sourcebook
  Links to documents, as well as other web resources.

• Women in World History: Primary Sources (Center for History and New Media, George Mason University)

• Women's History (Historical Text Archive)

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Primary Sources:

Newspapers, Magazines and Journals

Newspapers, magazines and journals can be considered either primary or secondary sources, depending the way in which they are used. Ask your professor if you have questions about which they might be considered in the context of your paper. To find information about women's magazines, newspapers and journals see:

• Danky, James P., ed. Women's Periodicals and Newspapers from the 18th Century to 1981: A Union List of the Holdings of Madison, Wisconsin Libraries. Boston: G. K. Hall 7 Co., 1982.
  HUNT REF-1 Z7965 .H3 1982
  Alphabetical list, with subject, catchword and subtitles indices. A chronological index is also included.

• Endres, Kathleen L. and Therese L. Lueck, eds. Women's Periodicals in the United States: Consumer Magazines. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1995.
  HUNT REF-1 PN4879 .W6 1995
  Description, history, and bibliography of 75 consumer women's magazines. Selection for inclusion determined by editorial excellence, historical significance, and "position within its niche."

• Gregory, Winifred, ed. American Newspapers, 1821-1936; A Union List of Files Available in the United States and Canada. New York: H.W. Wilson Company, 1937.
  HUNT REF-1 Z6951 .A498 1967

• Mott, Frank Luther. A History of American Magazines. 5 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1938-68.
  HUNT REF-1 PN4877 .M63 1938
  History and descriptions of magazines in all areas.

Relevant articles from contemporary newspapers, magazines and journals can be found using these resources:

• American Periodicals (Carnegie Mellon users only)
  1740-1940
  Search and display the full text of over 1,100 periodicals spanning nearly 200 years. Titles range from America's first scientific journal, Medical Repository, to popular magazines like Vanity Fair and Ladies' Home Journal.

• Godey's Lady Book
  1850
  19th century magazine designed to entertain, inform, and educate American women.

• HarpWeek (Carnegie Mellon users only)
  Contains all the pages of Harper's Weekly from 1857-1912 as scanned images. Users can browse by date or literary genre. Searches can be done by occupation or role in society, or by searching any combination of four indexes: subject; illustrations; literature and publishing; advertising. Since the scanned images in HarpWeek (11 x 15.5") are too large to print full size on 8.5 x 11" paper, please see Printing from HarpWeek for printing and downloading information.

• Historical Newspapers: Chicago Tribune (Carnegie Mellon users only)
  Full text: 1849-current minus 24 years.
  Search and display the full text of the Chicago Tribune.

• Historical Newspapers: New York Times (Carnegie Mellon users only)
  Full text: 1851-current minus 3 years.
  Search and display the full text of the New York Times.

• Historical Newspapers: Wall Street Journal (Carnegie Mellon users only)
  Full text: 1890-current minus 17 years.
  Search and display the full text of the Wall Street Journal.

• Journals from Hearth: Home Economics Archive: Research, Tradition, and History (Mann Library, Cornell University)
  Search or browse home economics and related journals, for example:
  • American Food Journal
  • Bulletin of the American Home Economics Association
  • The Child
  • Journal of Home Economics

• Ladies Repository (Making of America, University of Michigan)
  1841-1876 (3 series)
  Edited by Methodist preachers, it aimed "to entertain as well as instruct."

• Magazines from Women Working, 1800-1930 (Harvard University Library Open Collections Program)

• 19th Century Masterfile (Carnegie Mellon users only)
  ca. 1800-1900s.
  Formerly called Poole's Plus. Search a variety of indices to find citations for nineteenth and early twentieth century periodicals and books:
  Series I: Poole's and other Multi-Title Periodical Indices:
  • Poole's Index to Periodical Literature (1802-1906)
  • Stead's Index to Periodicals (1890-1906)
  • Richardson's Index to Periodical Articles in Religion (1890-1899)
  • Cumulative Index to a Selected List of Periodicals (1896-1899)
  Series II: Book Indices 19th Century Books MARC Records
Series IV:
• Harper's Magazine and other Individual Title Indices Harper's Magazine Index (1850-1892)
• Library Journal Index (1876-1897)
• Index to 19th Century Periodicals MARC records.
• Readers' Guide Retrospective (Carnegie Mellon users only)
  1890-1982.
  Online versions of the print index Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature. These databases contain citations to popular magazine and journal articles in all subject areas, including current events, fine arts, fashion, education, business, sports, health, nutrition and consumer affairs.

• Times Digital Archive, 1785-1985 (Carnegie Mellon users only)
  Full text: 1785-1985.
  Search and display the full text of the Times of London.

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Women's History

History

December 2011 -- http://www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/sc24/History/womenprimary.html
Sue Collins, Senior Librarian, sc24@andrew.cmu.edu