PREFACE
Entries for this document originated in two ways. They have either been defined in recent IUPAC sources (below) or, being absent in those sources are nevertheless thought to be necessary in what would be a comprehensive glossary. The glossary on the following pages is comprised of more than one thousand terms. Approximately half of these have appeared in none of the previous sources. This indicates, at least to a degree, the vitality of developments in the application of nuclear methods to problems of chemical analysis. The list has been reviewed by members of the IUPAC Commission on Radiochemistry and Nuclear Techniques (V.7). The intended audience includes experts, novices, occasional users, and developers of potential new techniques or applications. In compliance with the guidelines for drafting IUPAC recommendations, changes to the
originally published definitions or recommendations have been minimal.
Any references for definitions are indicated with abbreviations coded so as to be easily recognizable (see pp. 97-98). The major reference list appears after the alphabetical entries and includes compilations of IUPAC recommendations.
Previous Sources:
Compendium of Chemical Terminology: IUPAC Recommendations, V. Gold, K. L. Loening, A. D. McNaught, and P. Sehmi (1987)
Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature, 2nd ed., H. Freiser and G. H. Nancollas, Chapt. 16 "Recommendations for Nomenclature of Radiochemical Methods", Blackwell Sci., Oxford (1987)
Glossary of Terms Used in Nuclear Analytical Chemistry: Provisional, Pure & Appl. Chem. 54, 1533 (1982) Prepared by M. de Bruin
Nomenclature for Radioanalytical Chemistry: Provisional, IUPAC
Analytical Chemistry Division Commission on Analytical Nomenclature and Clinical Chemistry Division Commission on Automation and Clinical Chemistry Techniques. Prepared by R. Van Grieken, M. de Bruin, and R. Haeckel (in press)
Additional resources for seeking newer techniques included the Annual Reviews of Nuclear Science and Particle Physics; the invaluable reviews by W. Ehman, S. Yates et al. which appear in the journal Analytical Chemistry; Radiochemistry and Nuclear Methods of Analysis), by W. Ehman and D. E. Vance, John Wiley & Sons, NY (1991); and Handbook of Radioanalytical Chemistry) by J. Tölgyessy and E. Bujdosó, CRC Press, Boca Raton (1991).
In deciding on an appropriate title for this collection, the possibilities
included words such as "dictionary", "glossary", "nomenclature" and
"terminology". Below are definitions of these that helped the author in deciding simply on "nomenclature". The complete title "Nomenclature for Isotope, Nuclear and Radioanalytical Techniques" is meant to imply the use of isotopes, nuclear techniques and radiochemical techniques in problems of chemical analysis. There was no intention of including, for example, nuclear magnetic resonance nor mass spectrometryper se, each of which are adequately dealt with elsewhere.
Definitions (from the Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition, Clarendon [1989]):
DICTIONARY A book of information or reference on any subject or branch of knowledge, the items of which are arranged in alphabetical order.
NOMENCLATURE The terminology of a science.
TERMINOLOGY The system of terms belonging to any science or subject; technical terms collectively; nomenclature.
GLOSSARY A list with explanations of abstruse, antiquated, dialectal or technical terms; a partial dictionary.
Suggestions from A. Gosman, A. Motl, V. Múcka, and A. Zeman were deeply appreciated. Finally, the advice and cooperation of several fellow Commission V.7 titular and associate members and national representatives, J-P. Adloff, P. Benes, D. C. Hoffman, Y-F. Liu, V. P. Kolotov, B. F. Myasoedov, E. Roth, H. von Gunten, and I. Zvara is gratefully acknowledged.